Accounts and Records

GST or Goods and Services Tax is set to change the way business is conducted in India by ushering in an indirect tax system that is completely technology based. Under the new GST regime, businesses are required to maintain various accounts and records for ready verification by an authorised GST Authority. In this article, we look at the GST accounts and records to be maintained by all businesses operating in India.

Records to be Maintained

According to Section 35 of the GST Act, all taxable persons under GST are required to maintain the following records at their principal place of business:

• Production or manufacture of goods;
• Inward and outward supply of goods or services or both;
• Stock of goods;
• Input tax credit availed;
• Output tax payable and paid; and
• Other particulars as may be prescribed.

Accounts maintained by a taxable person under GST together with all invoices, bills of supply, credit and debit notes, and delivery challans relating to stocks, deliveries, inward supply and outward supply should be maintained for a period of 6 years from the date of furnishing GST annual return. Further, GST accounts and records must be kept at every related place of business mentioned in the certificate of registration.

GST Accounts to be Maintained

In addition to the regulations mentioned in the GST Act, additional requirement for maintaining accounts and records under GST has been provided for in the GST Accounts and Records Rules. According to the GST Accounts and Records Maintenance Rules, all taxable persons registered under GST are required to maintain the following accounts in addition to the records mentioned above.

• True and correct account of the goods or services imported or exported or of supplies attracting payment of tax on reverse charge along with relevant documents, including invoices, bills of supply, delivery challans, credit notes, debit notes, receipt vouchers, payment vouchers, refund vouchers and e-way bills.
• Accounts of stock in respect of goods received and supplied by the taxpayer, and such account shall contain particulars of opening balance, receipt, supply, goods lost, stolen, destroyed, written off or disposed of by way of gift or free sample and balance of stock including raw material, finished goods, scrap and wastage thereof.
• Maintain an account, containing the details of tax payable (including tax payable, tax collected and paid, input tax, input tax credit claimed, together with a register of tax invoice, credit note, debit notes, delivery challan issued or received during any tax period.
• Maintain details of Suppliers with information including names and complete addresses of suppliers from whom he has received the goods or services chargeable to tax under GST;
• Maintain details of Customers with information including names and complete addresses of the persons to whom he has supplied goods or services, where required under GST;
• Complete address of the premises where goods are stored by the taxpayer, including goods stored during transit along with the particulars of the stock stored therein.

According to the GST Accounts and Records Rules, if any taxable goods are found to be stored at any place(s) other than those declared by the taxpayer in his/her accounts or records, without any other proof or valid documents;  Then, the Officer would be empowered to levy tax, as if such goods have been supplied by the registered person. Hence, its important to maintain proper record of inventory and goods-in-transit under GST.

How to Maintain GST Accounts?

All GST accounts and records, including the books of account must be maintained at the principal place of business along with records relating to additional place of business.

Each of the volume of books of account with GST records maintained manually should be serially numbered. While maintaining GST account manually, if any entry in any of the registers or  accounts or documents must be erased, effaced or overwritten, then it should be scored out under attestation and there after correct entry should be recorded. If GST accounts are maintained electronically, then there should be a log of every entry edited or deleted. Also, if GST accounts and records are maintained electronically, then the records should be authenticated by means of a digital signature and should be accessible from every related place of business mentioned on the GST registration certificate.