Business Economics MDU 2nd Sem 2025-26 Notes

Unit 1 [Book]
Fundamentals and Basic Elements of Microeconomics	VIEW
The Economic Problem: Scarcity and Choice	VIEW
Business Economics, Nature and Scope	VIEW
Positive Economics	VIEW
Normative Economics	VIEW
Scope of Study and Central Problems of Microeconomics	VIEW
Scope of Study and Central Problems of Macroeconomics	VIEW
Demand Schedule: Individual and Market Demand Curve	VIEW
Determinants of Demand	VIEW
Law of Demand	VIEW
Movement and Shift among Demand Curve	VIEW
Elasticity of Demand	VIEW
Supply Schedule: Individual and Market Supply, Determinants of Supply	VIEW
Law of Supply	VIEW
Elasticity of Supply	VIEW
Determination of Demand and Supply	VIEW
Effect of a Shift in Demand	VIEW
Effect of a Shift in Supply	VIEW

Unit 2 [Book]
Producer and Consumer Behavior	VIEW
Theory of Production, Factors of Production, Production Function	VIEW
Law of Variable Proportions	VIEW
Returns to Scale	VIEW
Producers’ Equilibrium	VIEW
Theory of Cost	VIEW
Short Run and Long Run Average, Marginal and Total Cost Curves	VIEW

Unit 3 [Book]
Analysis of Market	VIEW
Concept of Market and Main Forms of Market	VIEW
Price and Output Determination Under Perfect Competition	VIEW
Price and Output Determination Under Monopoly	VIEW
Price and Output Determination Under Monopolistic Competition	VIEW
Price and Output Determination Under Oligopoly	VIEW

Unit 4 [Book]
National Income	VIEW
Circular Flow of Income	VIEW
Concept of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)	VIEW
Gross National Product (GNP)	VIEW
Net Domestic Product (NDP)	VIEW
Net National Product (NNP)	VIEW
Methods of Calculating National Income	VIEW
A Brief Introduction of Indian Economy – Pre and Post-Independence	VIEW
Current Challenges Facing by Indian Economy: Human Capital Formation, Poverty, Dynamic	VIEW
Business Environment	VIEW
Trade with Various Nations	VIEW
Sustainable Economic Development	VIEW