Modigliani and Miller (MM) Approach

Modigliani and Miller approach to capital theory, devised in the 1950s advocates capital structure irrelevancy theory. This suggests that the valuation of a firm is irrelevant to …

Net Operating Income Approach (NOI)

According to Net Operating Income Approach which is just opposite to NI approach, the overall cost of capital and value of firm are independent of …

Net Income (NI) Approach

According to NI approach a firm may increase the total value of the firm by lowering its cost of capital. When cost of capital is …

Cost of Debt Capital

Generally, cost of debt capital refers to the total cost or the rate of interest paid by an organization in raising debt capital. However, in …

Cost of Retained Earnings

COST OF RETAINED EARNINGS Retained earnings are organizations’ own profit reserves, which are not distributed as dividend. These are kept to finance long-term as well …

Methods of Calculating Cost of Equity Capital

7 Methods for Measuring Cost of Capital Cost of capital can be defined both from organization’s and investor’s point of view. From an organization’s point …

Stock Invest, Global Depository Receipts

Commercial Paper, Certificate Of Deposit

Commercial paper is an unsecured, short-term debt instrument issued by a corporation, typically for the financing of accounts payable and inventories, and meeting short-term liabilities. …

Venture Capital

Venture capital is financing that investors provide to startup companies and small businesses that are believed to have long-term growth potential. Venture capital generally comes …

Depositories, Factoring

A depository is a facility such as a building, office, or warehouse in which something is deposited for storage or safeguarding. It can refer to …

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